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sacrifice

(noun) Offering something of value (e.g., food; objects) to something supernatural, typically for appeasement or to gain favor.

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same gender loving (SGL)

(noun) An Afrocentric sexual identity that refers to an individual who is sexually attracted to those of the same gender identity.

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sample

(noun) A subset of a population selected to represent the entire population.

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sanction (social sanction)

(noun) A way to enforce rules through rewards for positive behavior and punishments for negative behavior.

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sandwich generation

(noun) A generation of people who must simultaneously care for their children and their elderly parents.

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scapegoat theory

(noun) Theory asserting that a dominant group will target a subordinate group with its unfocused aggression.

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scientific racism

(noun) Using faulty, reductionist science to “prove” and provide support for systems of racial hierarchies that positions white people or Caucasians as the most advanced stage of human evolution.

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second shift

(noun) Household duties that follow a paid work day, typically completed by women.

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secondary aging

(noun) The type of aging caused by disease, exposure to environmental hazards, lack of physical activity, poor nutrition, and other unhealthy habits such as excessive alcohol intake and smoking.

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secondary group

(noun) An impersonal group that is task oriented and interactions are typically formal, based on roles and statuses.

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sect

1. (noun) A small part of a larger religious group that in comparison often has unorthodox political or religious views; 2. (noun) Any group (subgroup) within a larger group with distinct beliefs and practices that deviate from the larger group.

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secularization

(noun) The act or process of a society changing from a preponderance of religious institutions, norms, and values toward nonreligious institutions, norms, and values.

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segregation

(noun) The intentional separation of two or more groups of people from each other.

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self

1. (noun) An individual’s sense of their own being; 2. (noun) An individual’s being as distinct from others; 3. (noun) Referring to the qualities and characteristics that make an individual unique.

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self-concept

(noun) The overarching cognitive framework that encompasses one’s various abilities, identities, and values.

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self-fulfilling prophecy

(noun) An expectation that leads to actions or behaviors causing the expectation to become a reality.

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self-redress

(noun) Any action taken by a wronged individual or group to settle a dispute with another individual or group outside of the legal system.

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self-report study

(noun) A study in which participants, rather than researchers, record answers.