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child abuse

(noun) The intentional emotional, negligent, physical, or sexual mistreatment of a child by an adult.

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Christianity

(noun) Monotheistic belief system based on the Old and New Testaments of the bible, particularly the teachings of Jesus Christ.

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chronic disease

(noun) A condition or disease that is persistent in its effects; a return to pre-onset normalcy is the exception.

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civics

(noun) The study of municipal affairs.

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clan

(noun) A group of people descended from a common ancestor such as an individual, animal, mythical being, or plant.

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class (social class)

(noun) An individual’s or group’s position within the social hierarchy, typically based on power, prestige, and wealth.

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class conflict

(noun) According to Karl Marx (1818–1883), the struggle between the capitalist class (bourgeoisie) and the working class (proletariat).

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class consciousness

(noun) According to Karl Marx (1818–1883), workers’ recognition of membership in a class and their relationship to the means of production.

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class system

(noun) A stratified system based on socioeconomic status in which individuals have the potential (real or imagined) for mobility.

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class trait

(noun) A behavior, custom, or norm–either real or imagined–that define or reflect a class.

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clear division of labor

(noun) The distinct specialization of tasks in a bureaucracy that each individual must perform.

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coalition

(noun) Two or more individuals or groups who combine influence, power, and resources to achieve a mutual goal.

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code of ethics

(noun) In academic scholarship, a set of principles, responsibilities, and standards followed to assure ethical research and professional conduct.

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coercion

(noun) Compelling an individual or group—either intellectually, morally, or physically—to do something; using force or threatening to use force.

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coercive organization

(noun) A formal organization that members are typically forced to join with complex rules, norms, and sanctions.

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cohabitation

(noun) When two people live together and share an intimate relationship, typically in reference to unmarried couples.

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cohort

1. (noun) A group of people that share a demographic characteristic; 2. (noun) A group of people who are approximately the same age.

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cohort effect

(noun) A characteristic, such as attitudes or values, reflected by members of a cohort due to shared lived experiences.

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cohort study

(noun) A study that follows a group of people (cohort) with a similar characteristic such as age.

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coin

(verb) To invent a new word or phrase; make up; originate.