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objectification

(noun) Viewing an individual or group solely as a depersonalized thing (or “object”) existing for the sole purpose of the viewer’s wants and needs, without regard for the individual’s or group’s own agency.

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objectivity

(noun) Judgments based on facts and undistorted by bias, emotion, or prejudice.

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occupation

(noun) Employment, typically for pay; a job.

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occupational disease

(noun) A disease caused by conditions of one’s occupation, such as exposure to toxic substances or repetitive motion.

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oligarchy

1. (noun) A type of business or government in which a small elite group holds power; government by the few; 2. (noun) Any group under oligarchic control.

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open marriage

(noun) A marriage in which each individual is free to enter into romantic or sexual relationships with others and thus have extramarital relationships.

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open relationship

(noun) A romantic or sexual relationship in which each individual is free to enter into romantic or sexual relationships with others.

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operationalization

(noun) The process of transforming an abstract concept into a precise definition that is measurable and testable; creating operational definitions.

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ordeal

(noun) A painful or dangerous method of trial controlled by supernatural forces that proves an individual’s guilt or innocence through divine judgement in which survival or degree of injury typically indicates innocence.

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organized crime

(noun) A formal organization with a hierarchical power structure, a clear division of labor, and a network of resources that is focused on illegal activities such as drug trafficking or prostitution.

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out-group

(noun) Any group or category that an individual does not belong to as a member and may even feel animosity toward or compete with.

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outsourcing

(noun) Of a business or government, the act or process of contracting an outside source, instead of internal employees, to do work (services).

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outwork

(noun) Work completed at home for pay, typically on a per piece basis.

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overpopulation

(noun) When an area has too many inhabitants to support the population’s needs (e.g., food, water).